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The 1983 Pacific hurricane season was the longest season ever recorded at that time. The 1983 Pacific hurricane season started on May 15, 1983 in the eastern Pacific, and on June 1, 1983 in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1983. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. During the 1983 season, there were 21 named storms, which was slightly less than the previous season. Furthermore, eight storms reached major hurricane status, or Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS). A combination of a strong El Niño likely contributed to this level of activity. That same El Niño influenced a very quiet Atlantic hurricane season. The first storm of the season, Hurricane Adolph became the southernmost-forming east Pacific tropical cyclone on record after forming at a latitude of 7.1°N. After a slow start, activity picked up in July, when Hurricane Gil moved through the Hawaiian Islands, resulting in moderate damage. In early August, Hurricane Ismael was responsible for three deaths and $19 million (1983 USD) in damage. During early September, Hurricanes Kiko and Lorena brought significant damage and seven deaths to southern Mexico. About a month later, Tropical Storm Octave became the worst tropical cyclone on record to affect Arizona. Octave killed 15 people, and caused $500 million in damage to Arizona and $12.5 million to New Mexico. Later in October, Hurricane Tico was a very intense hurricane at the time of its landfall and thus left 25,000 homeless. Damage throughout the country was estimated at $200 million while 135 deaths were reported in Mexico. Although most of its impact occurred in Mexico, Tico's remnants brought significant flooding in the Central United States, resulting in six deaths and $42 million in damage. A few days later, Hurricane Raymond posed a threat to Hawaii, but did little actual damage. The final storm of the season, Hurricane Winnie, was a rare December cyclone. ==Seasonal summary== ImageSize = width:950 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/05/1983 till:01/01/1984 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/05/1983 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.38,0.73,1) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_<39_mph_(0-62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39-73_mph_(63-117 km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.80) legend:Category_1_=_74-95_mph_(118-153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.91,0.46) legend:Category_2_=_96-110_mph_(154-177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.76,0.25) legend:Category_3_=_111-130_mph_(178-209-km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.56,0.13) legend:Category_4_=_131-155_mph_(210-249_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(1,0.38,0.38) legend:Category_5_=_>=156_mph_(>=250_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:11 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:21/05/1983 till:28/05/1983 color:C2 text:"Adolph" from:09/06/1983 till:18/06/1983 color:C4 text:"Barbara" from:02/07/1983 till:05/07/1983 color:TS text:"Cosme" from:05/07/1983 till:12/07/1983 color:TS text:"Dalila" from:12/07/1983 till:16/07/1983 color:TS text:"Erick" from:17/07/1983 till:21/07/1983 color:TS text:"Flossie" from:23/07/1983 till:05/08/1983 color:C1 text:"Gil" barset:break from:27/07/1983 till:06/08/1983 color:C4 text:"Henriette" from:03/08/1983 till:07/08/1983 color:TD text:"Nine-E" from:08/08/1983 till:14/08/1983 color:C2 text:"Ismael" from:15/08/1983 till:16/08/1983 color:TD text:"Eleven-E" from:19/08/1983 till:20/08/1983 color:TD text:"One-C" from:24/08/1983 till:01/09/1983 color:TS text:"Juliette" from:31/08/1983 till:01/09/1983 color:TD text:"Two-C" barset:break from:31/08/1983 till:09/09/1983 color:C4 text:"Kiko" from:06/09/1983 till:14/09/1983 color:C3 text:"Lorena" from:12/09/1983 till:20/09/1983 color:C3 text:"Manuel" from:21/09/1983 till:01/10/1983 color:TS text:"Narda" from:27/09/1983 till:02/10/1983 color:TS text:"Octave" from:30/09/1983 till:07/10/1983 color:C3 text:"Priscilla" from:08/10/1983 till:20/10/1983 color:C4 text:"Raymond" barset:break from:09/10/1983 till:14/10/1983 color:TS text:"Sonia" from:11/10/1983 till:19/10/1983 color:C4 text:"Tico" from:18/10/1983 till:18/10/1983 color:TD text:"Twentytwo-E" from:01/11/1983 till:03/11/1983 color:TS text:"Velma" from:04/12/1983 till:07/12/1983 color:C1 text:"Winnie" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0, -20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/05/1983 till:01/06/1983 text:May from:01/06/1983 till:01/07/1983 text:June from:01/07/1983 till:01/08/1983 text:July from:01/08/1983 till:01/09/1983 text:August from:01/09/1983 till:01/10/1983 text:September from:01/10/1983 till:01/11/1983 text:October from:01/11/1983 till:01/12/1983 text:November from:01/12/1983 till:01/01/1984 text:December TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale)" During the 1983 season, a total of 21 named storms formed, which was well-above the average of 15. However, this total was slightly less active than the 1982 Pacific hurricane season, which saw a then-record 22 storms form. However, 1983 was at that time the most active season in the Eastern Pacific Hurricane Center (EPHC) warning zone,〔 but this record itself was surpassed during the 1985 Pacific hurricane season, and again in the 1992 Pacific hurricane season. Additionally, 12 storms reached hurricane intensity, which was above the average of eight.〔 Of the 12 hurricanes, eight attained Category 3 intensity or higher on the SSHWS. The season started on May 21 with the formation of Adolph and ended on December 9, with the dissipation of Hurricane Winnie. Lasting 201 days, 1983 was the longest season on record. There were a total of 1,238 storm hours, which was the most in four years.〔 Despite the activity in the EPHC's warning responsibility, only two storms formed in the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)'s area of responsibility, both of which stayed depressions.〔 A moderate El Niño was present throughout the season, with water temperatures across the equatorial Central Pacific was nearly 5 °F (0.6 °C) above normal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Historical El Niño/La Niña episodes (1950–present) )〕 The Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) was in a warm phase during this time period. Both of these factors are known to enhance Pacific hurricane season activity. Furthermore, 1983 was in the middle of an era where all but the 1988 Pacific hurricane season was near or above average. Also despite a relatively active season, no storms developed within the Central Pacific basin. One storm in 1983 formed in May, an event the occurs every other year on average. Another storm formed in June, which was below the average of 1.7 storms per June. Despite a somewhat slow start, activity picked up in July, where 6 storms formed. This was twice the average, though only two of the storm thus far had exceeded hurricane intensity. Although August was less active, with only 3 storms developing, compared to the average of 4, two of the storms that formed in July lasted into the early part of the month. However, activity picked back up again in September, with 5 storms forming, which was above the average of 3. Three storms also formed in October, which was two storms above normal. One storm developed in November as well, a somewhat unusual occurrence. For the first time since 1947, a hurricane developed in December.〔 Three storms during the season made landfall on Mexico. The first, Adolph did so in May. The second, Tico, hit near Mazatlán as a powerful hurricane, resulting in severe damage. Around this time, a weak tropical depression made landfall along the western portion of the nation as well.〔 In addition, Tropical Depression Raymond made landfall on Hawaii in late October.〔 Hurricane Hunters flew in to 2 storms within the EPHC zone (Manuel and Ismael).〔 Moreover, they flew into 3 storms in CPHC's area of responsibility, Tropical Storms Gil and Narda, and Hurricane Raymond.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1983 Pacific hurricane season」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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